Search results for "evolution [Galaxies]"
showing 10 items of 84 documents
Tumor Biology and Natural History
2021
Tumors are not uniform diseases but heterogeneous entities consisting of cell populations called cell clones, with different genetic and molecular features. The ability of a tumor to evolve and fit to host microenvironment, by developing often resistance mechanisms to the anticancer therapies, is dependent on this biological variability. In fact, the variability observed within individual tumors, known as intra-tumor heterogeneity, represents the crucial step in cancer clonal evolution process, by promoting and driving a genetic mechanism able to select the fittest cell clones. A single clonal origin is usually shown by most of tumors at the early stages of the disease, whereas advanced-sta…
Effect of a columnar defect on the shape of slow-combustion fronts
2003
We report experimental results for the behavior of slow-combustion fronts in the presence of a columnar defect with excess or reduced driving, and compare them with those of mean-field theory. We also compare them with simulation results for an analogous problem of driven flow of particles with hard-core repulsion (ASEP) and a single defect bond with a different hopping probability. The difference in the shape of the front profiles for excess vs. reduced driving in the defect, clearly demonstrates the existence of a KPZ-type of nonlinear term in the effective evolution equation for the slow-combustion fronts. We also find that slow-combustion fronts display a faceted form for large enough e…
Including resummation in the NLO BK equation
2017
We include a resummation of large transverse momentum logarithms in the next-to-leading order (NLO) Balitsky-Kovchegov equation. The resummed evolution equation is shown to be stable, the evolution speed being significantly reduced by NLO corrections. The contributions from NLO terms that are not enhanced by large logarithms are found to be numerically important close to phenomenologically relevant initial conditions. We numerically determine the value for the constant in the resummed logarithm that includes a maximal part of the full NLO terms in the resummation.
Jet evolution in a dense medium: event-by-event fluctuations and multi-particle correlations
2017
International audience; We study the gluon distribution produced via successive medium-induced branchings by an energetic jet propagating through a weakly-coupled quark-gluon plasma. We show that under suitable approximations, the jet evolution is a Markovian stochastic process, which is exactly solvable. For this process, we construct exact analytic solutions for all the n-point correlation functions describing the gluon distribution in the space of energy [M. A. Escobedo, E. Iancu, Event-by-event fluctuations in the medium-induced jet evolution, JHEP 05 (2016) 008. arXiv: arXiv:1601.03629 , doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2016)008 , M. A. Escobedo, E. Iancu, Multi-particle correlati…
In the literature: October 2019
2019
Gastrointestinal cancers are a subset of molecularly heterogeneous diseases. In the era of personalised medicine, major efforts are being made towards stratifying patients according to molecular profiling. However, although most treatments are currently based on targeted therapy in relation to specific genomic alterations, acquired resistance emerges during anticancer therapies and subsequently treatment failure occurs. Intratumour heterogeneity plays a significant role in the acquisition of resistance by clonal evolution of tumour cell populations under therapeutic pressure. Despite a single tumour biopsy represents the standard for cancer research and drives our therapeutic decisions, lim…
Assessment of Clonal Evolution in 42 AML with NPM1 Mutations by Molecular Characterization of Paired Diagnosis and Relapse Samples
2011
Abstract Abstract 237 Mutations in the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) gene represent one of the most frequent gene mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), in particular in cytogenetically normal (CN)-AML. NPM1 mutations (NPM1mut) are considered as an early genetic event in the pathogenesis of AML. To address the role of clonal evolution from diagnosis to relapse in NPM1mut AML, we applied high-resolution genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis using the Affymetrix 6.0 platform to detect copy number alterations (CNAs) and uniparental disomies (UPDs) in paired samples from 42 patients. In addition, we determined NPM1 and FLT3 [internal tandem duplication (ITD) and tyrosine …
Shakedown optimal design of reinforced concrete structures by evolution strategies
2000
Approaches the shakedown optimal design of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, subjected to variable and repeated external quasi‐static actions which may generate the well‐known shakedown or adaptation phenomenon, when constraints are imposed on deflection and/or deformation parameters, in order to simulate the limited flexural ductility of the material, in the presence of combined axial stress and bending. Within this context, the classical shakedown optimal design problem is revisited, using a weak upper bound theorem on the effective plastic deformations. For this problem a new computational algorithm, termed evolution strategy, is herein presented. This algorithm, derived from analogy …
Evolutionary algorithm for fiber laser in ultrashort pulse regime
2016
This thesis deals with the generation of ultrashort pulses within a fiber laser cavity through the automatic optimization of its parameters by an evolutionary algorithm. The interest of this subject comes from the difficulty to systematically explore dynamics in a large domain of experimental parameters. We have shown that it is possible to implement an evolutionary algorithm on fiber laser cavity with appropriate precautions. We have experimentally demonstrated for the first time the mode locking of a laser cavity only using the optimization of polarization controllers through an automatic and self-learning procedure. We also have demonstrated that selecting the mode locking from it radio-…
Factorization of the soft gluon divergence from the dipole picture deep inelastic scattering cross sections at next-to-leading order
2018
We use a factorization scheme analogous to one proposed for single inclusive forward hadron production to factorize the soft gluon divergence present in the deep inelastic scattering cross sections in the dipole picture at next-to-leading order (NLO). We show numerically that in this carefully constructed scheme it is possible to obtain meaningful results for the DIS cross sections at NLO, and so we are able to quantitatively study the recently derived NLO corrections to the DIS cross sections. We find that the NLO corrections can be significant and sensitive to the details of the factorization scheme used for the resummation of the large logarithms into the BK evolution equation. In the ca…
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics analysis of rotating counterflow superfluid turbulence
2010
In two previous papers two evolution equations for the vortex line density $L$, proposed by Vinen, were generalized to rotating superfluid turbulence and compared with each other. Here, the already generalized alternative Vinen equation is extended to the case in which counterflow and rotation are not collinear. Then, the obtained equation is considered from the viewpoint of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. According with this formalism, the compatibility between this evolution equation for $L$ and that one for the velocity of the superfluid component is studied. The compatibility condition requires the presence of a new term dependent on the anisotropy of the tangle, which indicates how the…